corporal appearance

Common law classifications of appearranc.

At common law an appearance could be either compulsory or voluntary, the former where it was compelled by process served on the party, the latter where it was entered by his own will or consent, without the service of process, though process may be outstanding.

Also, optional when entered by a person who intervened in the action to protect his own interests, though not joined as a party;

conditional, when coupled with conditions as to its becoming or being taken as a general appearance;

gratis, when made by a party to the action, but before the service of any process or legal notice to appear;

de bene esse, when made provisionally or to remain good only upon a future contingency; or when designed to permit a party to a proceeding to refuse to submit his person to the jurisdiction of the court unless it was finally determined that he had forever waived that right;

subsequent, when made by a defendant after an appearance had already been entered for him by the plaintiff;

corporal, when the person was physically present in court.

- initial appearance